Le strategie di resistenza ed empowerment in contrasto alla violenza digitale.
Un’analisi transfemminista e femminista della letteratura internazionale
Keywords:
digital gender violence, practices of resistance, agency platformsAbstract
Le tecnologie dell’informazione e della comunicazione (ICT) hanno svolto un ruolo cruciale nel plasmare ed espandere le relazioni sociali. Tuttavia, hanno anche contribuito all’emergere di nuove forme di disuguaglianza, tra cui la violenza di genere negli spazi digitali, un fenomeno che, nonostante la sua crescente rilevanza, ha ricevuto un’attenzione limitata nella ricerca accademica (Di Maggio & Hargittai, 2001). Questo articolo presenta un’analisi qualitativa basata su una rassegna della letteratura internazionale e nazionale, concentrandosi sulla violenza di genere e sulle strategie di resistenza ed empowerment adottate in rete. Riconoscendo la profonda interconnessione tra tecnologie digitali e genere come categorie reciprocamente costitutive (Lerman et al., 2003), l’analisi esplora il ruolo delle affordances (Bucher & Helmond, 2017) e dei meccanismi delle piattaforme (van Dijck et al., 2018) nel modellare le pratiche degli utenti e la loro interazione con le norme socioculturali. L’articolo propone una riflessione informata dalle analisi tech-femministe, sostenendo che la violenza di genere debba essere compresa all’interno del più ampio contesto delle disuguaglianze strutturali incorporate nell’economia digitale. Attraverso questa revisione della letteratura, viene offerta una panoramica sulle strategie di resistenza proposte e si esaminano criticamente i quadri teorici alla base delle analisi esistenti, con un’attenzione alle prospettive femministe e transfemministe.
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have played a crucial role in shaping and expanding social relationships. However, they have also contributed to the emergence of new forms of inequality, including gender-based violence in digital spaces—a phenomenon that, despite its growing relevance, has received limited attention within academic research (Di Maggio & Hargittai, 2001). This article presents a qualitative analysis grounded in a review of international and national literature, focusing on online gender-based violence and the strategies of resistance and empowerment adopted by users. Recognizing the deep interconnection between digital technologies and gender as mutually constitutive categories (Lerman et al., 2003), the analysis explores the role of technological affordances (Bucher & Helmond, 2017) and platform mechanisms (van Dijck et al., 2018) in shaping user practices and their interaction with sociocultural norms. The article then offers a theoretical reflection informed by feminist analyses of digital technologies, contending that online gender violence must be understood within the broader context of structural social and gendered inequalities embedded in the digital economy. Through this literature review, we provide an overview of commonly proposed resistance strategies and critically examine the theoretical frameworks underpinning existing analyses, with particular attention to whether they are shaped by feminist and transfeminist perspectives.
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