Future of our Feelings: Sociological Considerations about Emotional Culture in Pandemic Era

Authors

Abstract

The article is devoted to some aspects of the emotional culture of the late modern society, which will evidently undergo changes due to the new virus pandemic. The author draws on the opportunities that belong to the sociology of emotions, because emotions by their nature and function are related to overcoming of uncertainty of the future. The purpose of this essay is to review the main imperatives and contradictions of the emotional culture, identify some feelings that are a socially “sensitive” answer to the current circumstances. The future changes will probably become clearer, if we observe how the contradictions of the modern emotional culture will be resolved; for example, what development the simultaneous “emotionalization” and rationalization of social life will undergo.  In the situation of crisis connected to the pandemic all the feelings will be involved, emotional norms and strategies of emotion management will be modified. The author believes that the moral individualism of modern societies will draw attention to the matters concerning social solidarity and moral guidelines, which could be viewed through the concepts of care, human sufferings and feelings that lie at their heart: anxiety and fear for other people, empathy, sympathy and compassion.

References

Ahmed, S. (2010). The promise of happiness. Durham: Duke University Press.

Barbalet, J.M. (1999). Emotion, Social Theory and Social Structure: A Macrosociological approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Barbalet, J. (2019). ‘Honey, I shrunk the emotions’: late modernity and the end of emo-tions. Emotions and Society, 1 (2), pp. 133–146, DOI: 10.1332/263168919X15662881966944

Batson, D.C. (2011). Altruism in humans. N.Y.: Oxford univ. press.

Bauman, Z. (1993) Postmodern ethics. Cambridge (MA): Blackwell.

Bauman, Z., Donskis, L. (2013) Moral Blindness – The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Mod-ernity, Cambridge: Polity.

Bauman, Z. (2001). The Individualized Society, Cambridge: Polity.

Bauman, Z. (2003). Liquid Love – On the Frailty of Human Bonds, Cambridge: Polity.

Bauman, Z. (2006). Liquid Fear. Cambridge: Polity.

Bauman, Z. (2017). Retrotopia. Cambridge: Polity.

Beck, U. (2000). The cosmopolitan perspective: Sociology of the second age of modernity. British Journal of Sociology, 51(1), pp. 79–105.

Beck, U. &Beck-Gernsheim, E. (2002). Individualization: Institutionalized individualism and its social and political consequences. London: Sage.

Bericat, E. (2016). The sociology of emotions: four decades of progress. Current Sociol-ogy, 64 (3), pp. 491–513. DOI: 10.1177/0011392115588355.

Berns, N. (2011). Closure: The Rush to End Grief and What It Costs Us. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Boltanski, L. (1999). Distant suffering, morality, media and politics. Cambridge: Cam-bridge Univ. Press.

Borozdina E. A., Zdravomyslova E. A. & Temkina A. A. (eds) (2019) Kriticheskaya sotsi-ologiya zaboty: Perekrestki sotsial'nogo neravenstva. Sbornik statey. [Critical sociology of care: Crossroads of social inequality. Сollected papers] SPb.: Izdatel'stvo Evropeyskogo universiteta v Sankt-Peterburge [European University Press in Saint Petersburg]. (In Russian)

Brownlie, J. & Shaw, F. (2019). Empathy Rituals: Small Conversations about Emotional Distress on Twitter. Sociology, 53 (1), pp. 104-122. DOI: 10.1177/0038038518767075

Clark, C. (1987). Sympathy Biography and Sympathy Margin. American Journal of Sociology, 93 (2), pp. 290-321.

Clark. C. (1997). Misery and company: Sympathy in everyday life. Chicago: University of Chicago press.

Davis, M. H. (1994). Empathy: A social psychological approach. Boulder, CO: Westview.

Eisenberg, N. & Miller, P. (1987). Empathy, sympathy, and altruism: Empirical and con-ceptual links. In Eisenberg, J. & Strayer, N. (eds) Empathy and its Development (pp. 292-311). New York: Cambridge University Press.

Figley, Ch. (ed.) (2002). Treating Compassion Fatigue. New York: Routledge.

Giddens, A. (1990). The consequences of modernity, Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Gonzalez, A. M. (2017). In Search of a Sociological Explanation for the Emotional Turn. Sociologia, Problemas e Prácticas, 85, 27–45. DOI:10.7458/SPP2017857606

Gudkov, L. (2017). U nyneshnego obshchestva net predstavleniya o budushchem [The present society has no idea about the future]. Available from https://newizv.ru/article/general/20-11-2017/lev-gudkov-u-nyneshnego-obschestva-net-predstavleniya-o-buduschem (Accessed, April, 20, 2020)

Holmes, M. (2015). Researching emotional reflexivity. Emotion review, 7, 1, 61-66. DOI: 10.1177/1754073914544478

Illouz, E. (2007) Cold Intimacies: The Making of Emotional Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Illouz, E. (2012). Why Love Hurts: A Sociological Explanation. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Jacobsen, M. (2019a) Liquid-modern emotions: exploring Zygmunt Bauman’s contribu-tion to the sociology of emotions. Emotions and Society, 1(1), pp. 99-116. DOI: 10.1332/263168919X15580836411878

Jacobsen M. H. (ed.) (2019b) Emotions, Everyday Life and Sociology. 1st Edition. London: Routledge.

James, M. C. (2018) Loyalty - The Emotion of Future Expectation, Felt Now, Based on the Past. In: Jacobsen M. H. (ed.) Emotions, Everyday Life and Sociology. London: Rout-ledge.

Hochschild, A.R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. Berke-ley: University of California Press.

Hoffman, M. L. (2000). Empathy and moral development. Cambridge: Cambridge Univer-sity Press.

Hookway, N. (2013). Emotions, Body and Self: Critiquing Moral Decline Sociology. Soci-ology, 47 (4), pp. 841–857. DOI: 10.1177/0038038512453787

Kleinman, A. & Kleinman, J. (1996). The Appeal of Experience; the Dismay of Images: Cultural Appropriations of Suffering in Our Times. Daedalus, 125(1), pp. 1–23.

Lyng, S. (2018). Excitement - Risk and Authentic Emotion. In Jacobsen M. H. (ed.) Emo-tions, Everyday Life and Sociology. London: Routledge.

Maffesoli, M. (1996). The time of the tribes: The decline of individualism in mass society. London: Sage.

McKenzie, J. (2016). Deconstructing Happiness: Critical Sociology and the Good Life. London: Routledge.

Mestrovic, S.G. (1997). Post-emotional society. London: Sage.

Neff, K. & Vonk, R. (2009). Self-Compassion versus Global Self-Esteem: Two Different Ways of Relating to Oneself. Journal of Personality, 77(1), pp. 23–50. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008. 00537.x

Nussbaum, M. (1996). Compassion: The Basic Social Emotion. Social Philosophy and Policy, 13(1), рр. 27–58.

Patulny, R., Bellocchi, A, Khorana, S., Olson, R., McKenzie, J. & Peterie, M. (2019) (eds.) Emotions in late modernity. London: Routledge.

Pulcini, E. (2017). What Emotions Motivates Care? Emotion Review, 9 (1), рр. 64-71. DOI: 10.1177/1754073915615429

Pulcini, E. (2012). The individual without passions. Modern individual and the loss of the social bond. Lanham: Lexington Books.

Reckwitz, A. & Pakis, V.A. (2020). The society of singularities – On the transformation of modernity. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.

Rifkin, J. (2009), The empathic civilization. The race to global consciousness in a world in crisis. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.

Simonova, O. (2019). Emotional Culture as Sociological Concept: On Emotional turn in Understanding of Modern Society. Culture e Studi del Sociale [Culture and Studies of the Social], 4(2), pp. 147-160.

Schmitt, Ch.S. & Clark, C. (2007). Sympathy. In Turner, J.E. Stets (eds). Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions (pp. 467-492). New York: Springer.

Sprang, G., Clark, J. & Whitt-Woosley A. (2007) Compassion Fatigue, Compassion Satis-faction and Burnout: Factors Impacting a Professional’s Quality of Life. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 12(3), pp. 259–280. DOI: 10.1080/15325020701238093

Stets, J. (2003). Emotions and sentiments. In Delamater J. (ed.) Handbook of Social Psy-chology (pp. 309-335). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York.

Turner, J. H., Stets, J.E. (2005) The sociology of emotions. Cambridge: Cambridge univ. press.

Turner, J.H. & Stets, J.E. (2007) (eds). Handbook of the sociology of emotions. New York: Springer.

Urry, J. (2016). What is the Future? Cambridge: Polity.

Wilkinson, I. (2005). Suffering. A sociological introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press,

Wilkinson, I., Kleinman, A. (2016). A Passion for Society: How We Think About Human Suffering. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Wilkinson, I (2019) Compassion: Conflicted social feeling and the calling to care. In Jacob-sen M. H. (ed.). Emotions, Everyday Life and Sociology (pp. 72-87). London: Rout-ledge.

Williams, Ch. (2008). Compassion, Suffering and the Self: A Moral Psychology of Social Justice. Current Sociology, 56(1), pp. 5–24. DOI: 10.1177/0011392107084376

Wouters, C. (2007). Informalization: Manners and Emotions Since 1890. London: Sage Publications.

Zembylas, M. (2013). The “Crisis of Pity” and the Radicalization of Solidarity: Toward Critical Pedagogies of Compassion. Educational Studies, 49(6), pp. 504–521. DOI: 10.1080/00131946.2013.844148

Downloads

Published

2020-05-30

How to Cite

Simonova, O. (2020). Future of our Feelings: Sociological Considerations about Emotional Culture in Pandemic Era. Culture E Studi Del Sociale, 5(1, Special), 211–225. Retrieved from https://www.cussoc.it/journal/article/view/120